National legislation and regulations support the equal opportunities for education as well as the public character, neutrality, and the gratis (free) status of education as a basic feature of Japanfs philosophy of schooling. Public school teachers need to hold a teacherfs certificate in order to teach at schools covered by the national legislation, where the curriculums need to be based on the principles embodied in the Course of Study. The Basic Act on Education provides that private schools must not support a particular political party or conduct political education against a particular political party, and must maintain political neutrality.
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